Analysis of the Causes of Labor Absenteeism Based on the NTC 3793 References for the Period 2020-2022, Aimed at Establishing Control Tools to Improve Health and Safety Conditions for Workers in a Construction Company

Abstract

The research was conducted in a company within the civil construction sector, which, during its project contracting processes, employed 11 workers who reported a total of 82 absences due to illness and work-related accidents. This phenomenon not only affected operational efficiency but also required the redistribution of personnel within one of the company’s plants where these workers were assigned. The study was based on the NTC 3793 standard and revealed that illnesses significantly contributed to absenteeism, resulting in both direct and hidden costs for the company.

To address this issue, specific control tools were established, including health protocols, occupational safety training, and thorough root cause analysis. The findings highlighted that common illnesses such as severe psychotic depressive episodes, anxiety disorders, specified polyneuropathy, disc disorders, and bilateral rotator cuff syndrome, as well as work-related accidents causing conditions such as lower back pain and acromioclavicular joint dislocation, were major contributors to absenteeism. In response, targeted control measures were implemented, encompassing health protocols, safety training programs, and in-depth analyses of underlying causes. These actions aimed not only to reduce absenteeism but also to improve employee well-being and enhance the company’s overall operational efficiency